President of Harvard University

President of Harvard University
Seal of the President of Harvard University
Incumbent Lawrence Bacow since July 1, 2018 (2018-07-01)
Appointer	Harvard Corporation
Formation	1640 (1640)
First holder	Henry Dunster
Website	Office of the President

The president of Harvard University is the chief administrator of Harvard University and the ex officio chairman of the Harvard Corporation.^[1] Each is appointed by and is responsible to the other members of that body, who delegate to the president the day-to-day running of the university.

Harvard is a famously decentralized university, noted for the "every tub on its own bottom" independence of its various constituent faculties. They set their own academic standards and manage their own budgets. The president, however, plays an important part in university-wide planning and strategy. Each names a faculty's dean (and, since the foundation of the office in 1994, the university's provost), and grants tenure to recommended professors; however, he or she is expected to make such decisions after extensive consultation with faculty members.

Harvard presidents have traditionally influenced educational practices nationwide. Charles W. Eliot, for example, originated America's familiar system of a smorgasbord of elective courses available to each student;^[2] James B. Conant worked to introduce standardized testing; Derek Bok and Neil L. Rudenstine argued for the continued importance of diversity in higher education.

Recently, however, the job has become increasingly administrative, especially as fund-raising campaigns have taken on central importance in large institutions such as Harvard. Some have criticized this trend to the extent it has prevented the president from focusing on substantive issues in higher education.^[3]

Each president is professor in some department of the university and teaches from time to time.

Harvard's current president is Lawrence Bacow, formerly the president of Tufts University.^[4]

History

At Harvard's founding it was headed by a "schoolmaster," Nathaniel Eaton. In 1640, when Henry Dunster was brought in, he adopted the title president. The origins of this title have been grounds for a certain amount of speculation.

Harvard was founded for the training of Puritan clergy, and even though its mission was soon broadened, nearly all presidents through the end of the 18th century were in holy orders.

All presidents from Leonard Hoar through Nathan Pusey were graduates of Harvard College. Of the presidents since Pusey, Bok earned his undergraduate degree at Stanford, Rudenstine at Princeton, and Summers and Bacow at MIT, but each earned a graduate degree at Harvard. Drew Gilpin Faust is the first president since the seventeenth century with no earned Harvard degree.

Presidents of Harvard

No.	Image	Presidents	Term of office	Notes
–		Nathaniel Eaton	1637–1639	Referred to as "schoolmaster" of Harvard College
1		Henry Dunster	1640–1654
2		Charles Chauncy	1654–1672
3		Leonard Hoar	1672–1675
4		Urian Oakes	1675–1680 (acting); 1680–1681
5		John Rogers	1682–1684
6		Increase Mather	1685–1686 (acting); 1686–1692 (rector); 1692–1701
–		Samuel Willard	1701–1707 (acting)
7		John Leverett	1708–1724
8		Benjamin Wadsworth	1725–1737
9		Edward Holyoke	1737–1769
10		Samuel Locke	1770–1773
11		Samuel Langdon	1774–1780
12		Joseph Willard	1781–1804
–		Eliphalet Pearson	1804–1806 (acting)
13		Samuel Webber	1806–1810
14		John Thornton Kirkland	1810–1828
15		Josiah Quincy	1829–1845
16		Edward Everett	1846–1849
17		Jared Sparks	1849–1853
18		James Walker	1853–1860
19		Cornelius Conway Felton	1860–1862
20		Thomas Hill	1862–1868
21		Charles William Eliot	1869–1909
22		A. Lawrence Lowell	1909–1933
23		James B. Conant	1933–1953
24		Nathan Pusey	1953–1971
25		Derek Bok	1971–1991; 2006–2007 (acting)
26		Neil Rudenstine	1991–2001
27		Lawrence Summers	2001–2006
28		Drew Gilpin Faust	2007–2018	First female President at Harvard[5]
29		Lawrence Bacow	2018–present	[6]

John Winthrop served as acting president in 1769 and again in 1773; but both times he declined the offer of the full presidency on grounds of old age.

Other minor acting presidents have included William Brattle, Edward Wigglesworth (1780–1781), Henry Ware (1810, 1828–1829), Andrew Preston Peabody (1862, 1868–1869), and Henry Pickering Walcott. Henry Rosovsky, former Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, served as acting president for three months in 1987 when Bok traveled abroad. Provost Albert Carnesale served as acting president November 1994 – February 1995, during Rudenstine's leave of absence. Bok served as interim president July 1, 2006 – June 30, 2007, until the appointment of Faust.

References

External links

• Official Website
• History of the Presidency