October 11

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October 11 in recent years
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  2020 (Sunday)
  2019 (Friday)
  2018 (Thursday)
  2017 (Wednesday)
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  2015 (Sunday)
  2014 (Saturday)
  2013 (Friday)
  2012 (Thursday)

October 11 is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 81 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

Pre-1600

  • 1138 – A massive earthquake strikes Aleppo; it is one of the most destructive earthquakes ever.[1]
  • 1142 – A peace treaty ends the Jin–Song wars.
  • 1311 – The peerage and clergy restrict the authority of English kings with the Ordinances of 1311.

1601–1900

1901–present

  • 1906 – San Francisco sparks a diplomatic crisis between the United States and Japan by ordering segregated schools for Japanese students.
  • 1910 – Piloted by Arch Hoxsey, Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first U.S. president to fly in an airplane.
  • 1912 – First Balkan War: The day after the Battle of Sarantaporo, Greek troops liberate the city of Kozani.
  • 1918 – The 7.1 Mw San Fermín earthquake shakes Puerto Rico. The quake and resulting tsunami kill up to 116 people.
  • 1937 – The Duke and Duchess of Windsor tour Nazi Germany for 12 days and meet Adolf Hitler on the 22nd.
  • 1941 – Beginning of the National Liberation War of Macedonia.
  • 1942 – World War II: Off Guadalcanal, United States Navy ships intercept and defeat a Japanese force.
  • 1944 – The Tuvan People's Republic is annexed by the Soviet Union.
  • 1950 – CBS's field-sequential color system for television is the first to be licensed for broadcast by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission.
  • 1954 – In accord with the 1954 Geneva Conference, French troops complete their withdrawal from North Vietnam.
  • 1958 – NASA launches Pioneer 1, its first space probe, although it fails to achieve a stable orbit.
  • 1961 – 1st Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement held in Belgrade, SFR Yugoslavia, resulting in the establishment of the Non-Aligned Movement.[2]
  • 1962 – The Second Vatican Council becomes the first ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church in 92 years.
  • 1968 – NASA launches Apollo 7, the first successful manned Apollo mission.
  • 1976 – George Washington is posthumously promoted to the grade of General of the Armies.
  • 1984 – Aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger, astronaut Kathryn D. Sullivan becomes the first American woman to perform a space walk.
  • 1984 – Aeroflot Flight 3352 crashes into maintenance vehicles upon landing in Omsk, Russia, killing 178.
  • 1986 – Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev meet in Iceland to continue discussions about scaling back IRBM arsenals in Europe.
  • 1987 – The AIDS Memorial Quilt is first displayed during the Second National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights.
  • 1987 – Start of Operation Pawan by Indian forces in Sri Lanka. Thousands of civilians, insurgents, soldiers die.
  • 1991 – Prof. Anita Hill delivers her televised testimony concerning sexual harassment during the Clarence Thomas Supreme Court nomination.[3]
  • 1999 – Air Botswana pilot Chris Phatswe steals an ATR 42 from Sir Seretse Khama International Airport and later crashes it into two other aircraft at the airport, killing himself.[4]
  • 2000 – NASA launches STS-92, the 100th Space Shuttle mission.
  • 2001 – The Polaroid Corporation files for federal bankruptcy protection.
  • 2002 – A bomb attack in a shopping mall in Finland kills seven.
  • 2013 – A migrant boat sinks in the Channel of Sicily, with at least 34 people drowning.
  • 2018 – Soyuz MS-10, launching an intended crew for the ISS, suffers an in-flight abort. The crew lands safely.

Births

Pre-1600

  • 1492 – Charles Orlando, Dauphin of France, French noble (d. 1495)
  • 1552 – Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich of Russia, Grand Prince of Moscow (d. 1553)

1601–1900

1901–present

  • 1901 – Masanobu Tsuji, Japanese colonel and politician (d. 1961)
  • 1902 – Jayaprakash Narayan, Indian activist and politician (d. 1979)
  • 1905 – Fred Trump, American real estate entrepreneur (d. 1999)
  • 1909 – Sir Ken Anderson, Australian politician (d. 1985)
  • 1910 – Cahit Arf, Turkish mathematician and academic (d. 1997)
  • 1911 – Nello Pagani, Italian motorcycle racer and race car driver (d. 2003)
  • 1913 – Joe Simon, American author and illustrator (d. 2011)
  • 1915 – T. Llew Jones, Welsh author and poet (d. 2009)
  • 1916 – Nanaji Deshmukh, Indian educator and activist (d. 2010)
  • 1918 – Fred Bodsworth, Canadian journalist and author (d. 2012)
  • 1918 – Jerome Robbins, American director, producer, and choreographer (d. 1998)
  • 1919 – Art Blakey, American drummer and bandleader (d. 1990)
  • 1919 – Douglas Albert Munro, United States Coast Guard signalman, posthumously awarded Medal of Honor (d. 1942)
  • 1922 – G. C. Edmondson, American soldier and author (d. 1995)
  • 1924 – André Emmerich, German-American art dealer (d. 2007)
  • 1924 – Sammy McCrory, Northern Irish footballer (d. 2011)
  • 1924 – Mal Whitfield, American athlete (d. 2015)[8]
  • 1925 – Elmore Leonard, American novelist, short story writer, and screenwriter (d. 2013)
  • 1926 – Jean Alexander, English actress (d. 2016)
  • 1926 – Yvon Dupuis, Canadian politician (d. 2017)
  • 1926 – Thích Nhất Hạnh, Vietnamese monk, author, and poet (d. 2022)
  • 1926 – Earle Hyman, American actor (d. 2017)
  • 1926 – Neville Wran, Australian lawyer and politician, 35th Premier of New South Wales (d. 2014)
  • 1927 – Princess Joséphine Charlotte of Belgium (d. 2005)
  • 1927 – Jim Prior, Baron Prior, English soldier and politician, Secretary of State for Northern Ireland (d. 2016)
  • 1928 – Alfonso de Portago, Spanish race car driver and bobsledder (d. 1957)
  • 1928 – Roscoe Robinson, Jr., American general (d. 1993)
  • 1928 – Geoffrey Tordoff, Baron Tordoff, English businessman and politician (d. 2019)
  • 1929 – Curtis Amy, American saxophonist and clarinetist (d. 2002)
  • 1930 – Michael Edwardes, South African-English businessman (d. 2019)
  • 1930 – LaVell Edwards, American football player and coach (d. 2016)
  • 1930 – Sam Johnson, American colonel and politician (d. 2020)
  • 1932 – Saul Friedländer, Israeli historian and author
  • 1932 – Barry Jones, Australian lawyer and politician
  • 1932 – Dottie West, American singer-songwriter and actress (d. 1991)
  • 1935 – Dan Evins, American businessman, founded Cracker Barrel Old Country Store (d. 2012)
  • 1935 – Daniel Quinn, American author and environmentalist (d. 2018)
  • 1936 – C. Gordon Fullerton, American colonel, engineer, and astronaut (d. 2013)
  • 1936 – Billy Higgins, American drummer and educator (d. 2001)
  • 1936 – James M. McPherson, American historian and author
  • 1937 – Bobby Charlton, English footballer and manager
  • 1937 – R. H. W. Dillard, American poet, author, and critic
  • 1937 – Ron Leibman, American actor and screenwriter (d. 2019)
  • 1938 – Michael Stear, English air marshal (d. 2020)
  • 1939 – Maria Bueno, Brazilian tennis player (d. 2018)
  • 1939 – Austin Currie, Northern Irish lawyer and SDLP politician
  • 1940 – Lucy Morgan, American newspaper reporter
  • 1941 – Lester Bowie, American trumpet player and composer (d. 1999)
  • 1942 – Richard Wilson, Baron Wilson of Dinton, Welsh academic and politician
  • 1942 – Amitabh Bachchan, Indian film actor, producer, television host, and former politician
  • 1943 – Keith Boyce, Barbadian cricketer (d. 1996)
  • 1943 – Michael Harloe, English sociologist and academic
  • 1943 – John Nettles, English actor and writer
  • 1943 – Ilmar Reepalu, Swedish lawyer and politician
  • 1943 – Gene Watson, American singer-songwriter and producer
  • 1944 – Rodney Marsh, English footballer, manager, and sportscaster
  • 1945 – Andrew Logan, English sculptor and painter
  • 1946 – Elinor Goodman, English journalist
  • 1946 – Daryl Hall, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
  • 1946 – Sawao Katō, Japanese gymnast
  • 1947 – Thomas Boswell, American journalist and author
  • 1947 – Lucas Papademos, Greek economist and politician, 183rd Prime Minister of Greece
  • 1947 – Alan Pascoe, English hurdler
  • 1948 – David Rendall, English tenor and actor
  • 1948 – Peter Turkson, Ghanaian cardinal
  • 1949 – Henry Luke Orombi, Ugandan archbishop
  • 1949 – Lawrence Tanter, American basketball player and sportscaster
  • 1950 – William R. Forstchen, American historian and author
  • 1950 – Amos Gitai, Israeli director, producer, and author
  • 1950 – Patty Murray, American educator and politician
  • 1951 – Bruce Bartlett, American economist, historian, and author
  • 1951 – Jean-Jacques Goldman, French singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1951 – Jon Miller, American sportscaster
  • 1951 – Louise Rennison, English author and comedian (d. 2016)[9]
  • 1951 – Charles Shyer, American director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1952 – Paulette Carlson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1953 – David Morse, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1954 – David Michaels, American epidemiologist and politician
  • 1954 – Vojislav Šešelj, Serbian lawyer and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Serbia
  • 1955 – Norm Nixon, American basketball player and sportscaster
  • 1956 – Nicanor Duarte, Paraguayan lawyer and politician, President of Paraguay
  • 1956 – Derek Ringer, Scottish race car driver
  • 1957 – Francky Dury, Belgian footballer and manager
  • 1957 – Dawn French, Welsh-English actress, comedian and screenwriter
  • 1959 – Wayne Gardner, Australian motorcycle racer
  • 1959 – Allan Little, Scottish journalist and author
  • 1960 – Randy Breuer, American basketball player
  • 1960 – Nicola Bryant, English actress[10]
  • 1960 – Curt Ford, American baseball player and manager
  • 1960 – Gábor Pölöskei, Hungarian footballer and manager
  • 1961 – Neil Buchanan, English guitarist
  • 1961 – Steve Young, American football player and sportscaster
  • 1962 – Joan Cusack, American actress
  • 1962 – Andy McCoy, Finnish musician
  • 1963 – Marcus Graham, Australian actor
  • 1963 – Brian Rice, Scottish footballer and manager
  • 1963 – Ronny Rosenthal, Israeli footballer[11]
  • 1964 – Michael J. Nelson, American actor, director, and screenwriter
  • 1965 – Sean Patrick Flanery, American actor and producer
  • 1965 – Alexander Hacke, German singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
  • 1965 – Orlando Hernández, Cuban baseball player
  • 1965 – Volodymyr Horilyi, Ukrainian footballer and coach
  • 1966 – Luke Perry, American actor and producer (d. 2019)
  • 1966 – Todd Snider, American singer-songwriter
  • 1966 – Stephen Williams, Welsh lawyer and politician
  • 1967 – Jay Grdina, American businessman and pornographic actor
  • 1967 – Artie Lange, American actor and comedian
  • 1967 – David Starr, American race car driver
  • 1968 – Jane Krakowski, American actress and singer
  • 1968 – Claude Lapointe, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
  • 1968 – Brett Salisbury, American football player and author
  • 1969 – Merieme Chadid, Moroccan astronomer and explorer
  • 1969 – Stephen Moyer, English actor
  • 1969 – Prince Constantijn of the Netherlands
  • 1970 – Chidi Ahanotu, American football player
  • 1970 – Vanessa Harding, American wrestler
  • 1970 – MC Lyte, American rapper, DJ, and actress
  • 1970 – Andy Marriott, English-Welsh footballer and manager
  • 1970 – Shin Tae-yong, South Korean footballer and coach
  • 1971 – Petra Haden, American violinist and singer
  • 1971 – Justin Lin, American film director
  • 1971 – Oleksandr Pomazun, Ukrainian footballer and manager
  • 1972 – Marcus Bai, Papua New Guinean rugby league player
  • 1973 – Brendan B. Brown, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1973 – Greg Chalmers, Australian golfer
  • 1973 – Steven Pressley, Scottish footballer and manager
  • 1973 – Niki Xanthou, Greek long jumper
  • 1973 – Dmitri Young, American baseball player and radio host
  • 1974 – Jason Arnott, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1974 – Rachel Barton Pine, American violinist and educator
  • 1976 – Dominic Aitchison, Scottish bass player and songwriter
  • 1976 – Emily Deschanel, American actress and producer
  • 1977 – Matt Bomer, American actor and producer
  • 1977 – Igor Figueiredo, Brazilian snooker player
  • 1977 – Jérémie Janot, French footballer and manager
  • 1977 – Desmond Mason, American basketball player and sportscaster
  • 1977 – Rhett McLaughlin, American YouTuber
  • 1977 – Ty Wigginton, American baseball player
  • 1978 – Carl Bussey, American soccer player
  • 1978 – Takuya Kawaguchi, Japanese footballer
  • 1979 – Jamar Beasley, American football player
  • 1979 – Andy Douglas, American wrestler
  • 1979 – Kim Yong-dae, South Korean footballer
  • 1980 – Nyron Nosworthy, English-born Jamaican footballer
  • 1982 – Cameron Knowles, New Zealand footballer
  • 1982 – Jeff Larish, American baseball player
  • 1982 – Terrell Suggs, American football player
  • 1982 – Mauricio Victorino, Uruguayan footballer
  • 1984 – Sergio Hellings, Dutch footballer
  • 1984 – Martha MacIsaac, Canadian-American actress, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1984 – Zeb Taia, Australian-New Zealand rugby league player
  • 1984 – Jane Zhang, Chinese singer-songwriter
  • 1985 – Nesta Carter, Jamaican sprinter
  • 1985 – Yang Cheng, Chinese footballer
  • 1985 – Álvaro Fernández, Uruguayan footballer
  • 1985 – Michelle Trachtenberg, American actress
  • 1986 – Ikioi Shōta, Japanese sumo wrestler
  • 1987 – Tony Beltran, American soccer player
  • 1987 – Mike Conley, Jr., American basketball player
  • 1987 – Nathan Coulter-Nile, Australian cricketer
  • 1988 – Omar Gonzalez, American soccer player
  • 1988 – Ricochet, American wrestler
  • 1989 – Michelle Wie, American golfer[12]
  • 1990 – Joo, South Korean singer and actress
  • 1990 – Sebastian Rode, German footballer
  • 1991 – Kika van Es, Dutch footballer
  • 1991 – Toby Fox, American video game developer and composer
  • 1992 – Riffi Mandanda, Congolese footballer
  • 1992 – Ligi Sao, New Zealand rugby league player
  • 1992 – Christian Davis, English cricketer
  • 1992 – Cardi B, American rapper
  • 1993 – Hardik Pandya, Indian cricketer
  • 1994 – Clésio Baúque, Mozambican footballer
  • 1994 – T. J. Watt, American football player[13]
  • 1995 – Nicolás Jarry, Chilean tennis player[14]
  • 2001 – Daniel Maldini, Italian footballer

Deaths

Pre-1600

1601–1900

  • 1667 – Mattias de' Medici, Italian noble (b. 1613)
  • 1684 – James Tuchet, 3rd Earl of Castlehaven (b. c. 1617)
  • 1698 – William Molyneux, Irish philosopher and writer (b. 1656)
  • 1705 – Guillaume Amontons, French physicist and instrument maker (b. 1663)
  • 1708 – Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus, German mathematician, physicist, physician, and philosopher (b. 1651)
  • 1721 – Edward Colston, English merchant and politician (b. 1636)
  • 1725 – Hans Herr, Swiss-American bishop (b. 1639)
  • 1779 – Casimir Pulaski, Polish-American general (b. 1745)
  • 1809 – Meriwether Lewis, American captain, explorer, and politician, 2nd Governor of Louisiana Territory (b. 1774)
  • 1821 – John Ross Key, American lieutenant, lawyer, and judge (b. 1754)
  • 1837 – Samuel Wesley, English organist and composer (b. 1766)
  • 1852 – Gotthold Eisenstein, German mathematician and academic (b. 1823)
  • 1889 – James Prescott Joule, English physicist and brewer (b. 1818)
  • 1896 – Edward Benson, English archbishop (b. 1829)
  • 1896 – Anton Bruckner, Austrian organist, composer, and educator (b. 1824)
  • 1897 – Léon Boëllmann, French organist and composer (b. 1862)

1901–present

  • 1904 – Mary Tenney Gray, American editorial writer, club-woman, philanthropist, and suffragette (b. 1833)
  • 1908 – Rita Cetina Gutiérrez, Mexican poet, educator, and activist (b. 1846)
  • 1932 – William Alden Smith, American lawyer and politician (b. 1859)
  • 1935 – Steele Rudd, Australian author (b. 1868)
  • 1940 – Vito Volterra, Italian mathematician and physicist (b. 1860)
  • 1941 – Heinrich Gutkin, Estonian businessman and politician (b. 1879)
  • 1941 – Mihkel Pung, Estonian politician, 11th Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1876)
  • 1958 – Maurice de Vlaminck, French painter (b. 1876)
  • 1960 – Richard Cromwell, American actor (b. 1910)[16]
  • 1961 – Chico Marx, American comedian (b. 1887)
  • 1963 – Jean Cocteau, French author, poet, and playwright (b. 1889)
  • 1965 – Dorothea Lange, American photographer and journalist (b. 1895)
  • 1965 – Walther Stampfli, Swiss lawyer and politician, 50th President of the Swiss Confederation (b. 1884)
  • 1967 – Stanley Morison, typographer, known for work on Times New Roman font (b. 1889)
  • 1968 – Selim Sarper, Turkish educator and politician, 13th Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1899)
  • 1971 – Tamanoumi Masahiro, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 51st Yokozuna (b. 1944)
  • 1971 – Chesty Puller, American general (b. 1898)
  • 1976 – Alfredo Bracchi, Italian author, screenwriter, and songwriter (b. 1897)
  • 1977 – MacKinlay Kantor, American journalist, author, and screenwriter (b. 1904)
  • 1983 – R. Fraser Armstrong, Canadian administrator and engineer (b. 1889)
  • 1984 – Benno Schotz, Scottish sculptor and engineer (b. 1891)
  • 1986 – Norm Cash, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1934)
  • 1988 – Bonita Granville, American actress (b. 1923)
  • 1989 – M. King Hubbert, American geologist and academic (b. 1904)
  • 1991 – Redd Foxx, American actor and comedian (b. 1922)
  • 1993 – Andy Stewart, Scottish singer and entertainer (b. 1933)
  • 1996 – Keith Boyce, Barbadian cricketer (b. 1943)
  • 1996 – Eleanor Cameron, Canadian-American author and critic (b. 1912)
  • 1996 – Renato Russo, Brazilian singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1960)
  • 1996 – Joe Morris, English-Canadian lieutenant and trade union leader (b. 1913)
  • 1998 – Richard Denning, American actor (b. 1914)
  • 1999 – Leo Lionni, Dutch-American author and illustrator (b. 1910)
  • 2000 – Luc-Marie Bayle, French historian, photographer, and painter (b. 1914)
  • 2000 – Donald Dewar, Scottish lawyer and politician, 1st First Minister of Scotland (b. 1937)
  • 2001 – Beni Montresor, Italian director, set designer, and illustrator (b. 1926)
  • 2004 – Keith Miller, Australian cricketer and pilot (b. 1919)
  • 2005 – Shan-ul-Haq Haqqee, Pakistani-Canadian linguist, journalist, and poet (b. 1917)
  • 2005 – Attilâ İlhan, Turkish poet, author, and journalist (b. 1925)
  • 2005 – Edward Szczepanik, Polish economist and politician, Prime Minister of Poland (b. 1915)
  • 2006 – Cory Lidle, American baseball player (b. 1972)
  • 2007 – David Lee "Tex" Hill, South Korean-American general and pilot (b. 1915)
  • 2007 – Werner von Trapp, Austrian-American singer (b. 1915)
  • 2008 – Marjorie Fletcher, English Director of the Women's Royal Naval Service (b. 1932)
  • 2008 – Jörg Haider, Austrian lawyer and politician, Governor of Carinthia (b. 1950)
  • 2008 – Ernst-Paul Hasselbach, Surinamese-Dutch television host and producer (b. 1966)
  • 2008 – Neal Hefti, American trumpet player and composer (b. 1922)
  • 2009 – Angelo DiGeorge, American physician and endocrinologist (b. 1922)
  • 2009 – Halit Refiğ, Turkish director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1934)
  • 2012 – Helmut Haller, German footballer and coach (b. 1939)
  • 2012 – Edward Kossoy, Polish lawyer, publicist, and activist (b. 1913)
  • 2012 – Édgar Negret, Colombian sculptor (b. 1920)
  • 2012 – Champ Summers, American baseball player and coach (b. 1946)
  • 2013 – María de Villota, Spanish racing driver (b. 1980)
  • 2013 – Erich Priebke, German captain (b. 1913)
  • 2014 – Anita Cerquetti, Italian soprano (b. 1931)
  • 2014 – Carmelo Simeone, Argentinian footballer (b. 1933)
  • 2014 – Bob Such, Australian educator and politician (b. 1944)
  • 2015 – Dean Chance, American baseball player and manager (b. 1941)[17]
  • 2017 – Clifford Husbands, Barbadian politician (b. 1926)
  • 2019 – Alexei Leonov, Soviet/Russian cosmonaut and first human to conduct a spacewalk (b. 1934)[18]

Holidays and observances

References

  1. ^ Most Destructive Known Earthquakes on Record in the World Archived 1 September 2009 at the Wayback Machine, United States Geological Survey
  2. ^ Ancic, Ivana (17 August 2017). "Belgrade, The 1961 Non-Aligned Conference". Global South Studies. University of Virginia.
  3. ^ "Anita Hill's Testimony and Other Key Moments From the Clarence Thomas Hearings". Retrieved 11 October 2018.
  4. ^ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident ATR 42-320 A2-ABB Gaborone-Sir Seretse Khama International Airport (GBE)". aviation-safety.net. Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 2021-10-10.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ Wilson, James Grant; Fiske, John (1887). Appleton's Cyclopædia of American Biography (Public domain ed.). D. Appleton. pp. 399–.
  6. ^ Law, John. Modern Hyderabad (Deccan). pp. 25–27.
  7. ^ Klapthor, Margaret Brown; Black, Allida M. (2001). The First Ladies. Washington, D.C.: White House Historical Association, with the cooperation of the National Geographic Society. p. 73. ISBN 978-0-91230-884-5.
  8. ^ "Mal Whitfield". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
  9. ^ Tucker, Nicholas (8 March 2016). "Louise Rennison: Comedian and bestselling author of teen fiction". The Independent. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  10. ^ Scott, Cavan; Wright, Mark (2013). Doctor Who Whology: The Official Miscellany. London: BBC Books. p. 120. ISBN 9781849906197.
  11. ^ "Day by Day in Jewish Sports History".
  12. ^ "Women's British Open 2014: Stacy Lewis glad of Michelle Wie rivalry". BBC Sport. 9 July 2014. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  13. ^ "T.J. Watt Biography". ESPN. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  14. ^ "Nicolás Jarry - Player Profile - Tennis". Eurosport. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  15. ^ Gäbler, Ulrich (1986). Huldrych Zwingli: His Life and Work. Philadelphia: Fortress Press. pp. 150–152. ISBN 0-8006-0761-9.
  16. ^ Wilson, Scott (17 August 2016). Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons (3rd ed.). McFarland Publishing. p. 167. ISBN 9780786479924.
  17. ^ "Dean Chance, Angels' first Cy Young winner, dies at age 74". The Orange County Register. 11 October 2015.
  18. ^ Leman, Jennifer (11 October 2019). "Alexei Leonov, the First Man to Walk In Space, Has Died". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
  19. ^ "International Days". www.un.org. 6 January 2015. Retrieved 2 January 2021.

External links